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Composition and classification of crude oil

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  • Time of issue:2019-05-29 08:44
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(Summary description)Chemical formula: CnH2n (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20). A linear or branched molecule containing a carbon-carbon double bond, in liquid or gaseous form, examples: ethylene, butene, isobutylene.

Composition and classification of crude oil

(Summary description)Chemical formula: CnH2n (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20). A linear or branched molecule containing a carbon-carbon double bond, in liquid or gaseous form, examples: ethylene, butene, isobutylene.

  • Categories:Company News
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Time of issue:2019-05-29 08:44
  • Views:
Information

Crude oil composition

On average, crude oil consists of the following elements or compounds:

Carbon - 84%

Hydrogen - 14%

Sulfur - 1 to 3% (hydrogen sulfide, sulfide, disulfide and elemental sulfur)

Nitrogen - less than 1% (alkaline-based basic compounds)

Oxygen - less than 1% (present in organic compounds such as carbon dioxide, phenol, ketones and carboxylic acids)

Metal - less than 1% (nickel, iron, vanadium, copper, arsenic)

Crude oil classification

Classified by composition: paraffin-based crude oil, naphthenic crude oil and intermediate-based crude oil;

Classified by sulfur content: ultra-low sulfur crude oil, low sulfur crude oil, sulfur crude oil and high sulfur crude oil;

Classified by specific gravity: light crude oil, medium crude oil, heavy crude oil in three categories.

Hydrocarbon classification

Hydrocarbons contain a lot of energy. Many products from crude oil, such as gasoline, diesel and paraffin, use this energy. Hydrocarbons come in a variety of forms. The simplest hydrocarbon is methane, a gas that is lighter than air. Long chains containing 5 and more carbon atoms are liquids. Very long long chains are solids such as wax or tar. By chemically coupling the hydrocarbon chains, a variety of products can be obtained, from synthetic rubber to nylon to the plastics used in Tupperware. Hydrocarbon chains are almost omnipotent. The main types of hydrocarbons in crude oil include:

Paraffin

Chemical formula: CnH2n+2 (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20), linear or branched molecule, at room temperature, depending on the molecule, there are two forms of gas and liquid, examples: methane, ethane, Propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane.

Aromatic hydrocarbon

Chemical formula: C6H5-Y (Y is a long linear molecule attached to the phenyl ring). a cyclic structure having one or more rings, the ring being composed of six carbon atoms, the bond between the carbon atoms being a large π bond, generally in a liquid state, examples: benzene, naphthalene. Napthenes or naphthenes (Cyclalkanes)

Chemical formula: CnH2n (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20), having a cyclic structure of one or more rings, the bond between the carbon atoms in the ring is a single bond, and generally liquid at room temperature, an example : cyclohexane, methylcyclopentane.

Olefins

Chemical formula: CnH2n (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20). A linear or branched molecule containing a carbon-carbon double bond, in liquid or gaseous form, examples: ethylene, butene, isobutylene.

Diolefins and alkynes

Chemical formula: CnH2n-2 (n is an integer, generally from 1 to 20), a linear or branched molecule containing two carbon-carbon double bonds, in liquid or gaseous form, examples: acetylene, butadiene.

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